J Integr Plant Biol. ›› 2013, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (5): 419-433.DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12034

• Original Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Multiple Components are Integrated to Determine Leaf Complexity in Lotus japonicus

Zhenhua Wang1, Jianghua Chen1, Lin Weng1, Xin Li2, Xianglin Cao1, Xiaohe Hu2, Da Luo1,2* and Jun Yang1*   

  1. 1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
    2State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
  • Received:2012-10-14 Accepted:2013-01-04 Published:2013-05-13
  • About author:**Corresponding authors: Tel: +86 21 5492 4103; Fax: +86 21 5492 4015; E-mail: dluo@sibs.ac.cn Tel: +86 21 5492 4112; Fax: +86 21 5492 4015; Email: jyang@sibs.ac.cn

Abstract: Transcription factors and phytohormones have been reported to play crucial roles to regulate leaf complexity among plant species. Using the compound-leafed species Lotus japonicus, a model legume plant with five visible leaflets, we characterized four independent mutants with reduced leaf complexity, proliferating floral meristem (pfm), proliferating floral organ-2 (pfo-2), fused leaflets1 (ful1) and umbrella leaflets (uml), which were further identified as loss-of-function mutants of Arabidopsis orthologs LEAFY (LFY), UNUSUAL FLORAL ORGANS (UFO), CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON 2 (CUC2) and PIN-FORMED 1 (PIN1), respectively. Comparing the leaf development of wild-type and mutants by a scanning electron microscopy approach, leaflet initiation and/or dissection were found to be affected in these mutants. Expression and phenotype analysis indicated that PFM/LjLFY and PFO/LjUFO determined the basipetal leaflet initiation manner in L. japonicus. Genetic analysis of ful1 and uml mutants and their double mutants revealed that the CUC2-like gene and auxin pathway also participated in leaflet dissection in L. japonicus, and their functions might influence cytokinin biogenesis directly or indirectly. Our results here suggest that multiple genes were interplayed and played conserved functions in controlling leaf complexity during compound leaf development in L. japonicus.

Wang Z, Chen J, Weng L, Li X, Cao X, Hu X, Luo D, Yang J (2013) Multiple components are integrated to determine leaf complexity in Lotus japonicus. J. Integr. Plant Biol. 55(5), 419–433.

Key words: Compound leaf, FUSED LEAFLETS1, Lotus japonicus, PROLIFERATING FLORAL ORGAN/LjUFO, PROLIFERATING FLORAL MERISTEM/LjLFY, UMBRELLA LEAFLETS

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