Abstract:

The distribution pattern and productivity of Maowusu sandland terrestrial ecosystem are greatly affected with the future severe global change, especially global precipitation change. Considering the predicative global precipitation change and the appropriate relevant strategy for the sustainable development of the China dry territory, the authors have investigated the response of water balance to global precipitation change by creating an artificial control of four levels of water supply treating 3 dominant plants in Mauwusu sandland. The results showed that the seasonal changes of water storage and moisture of different sandland layer depths were affected by different water supply treatments and different plants. The water storage of the three plant growing sandlands and the moisture of different sandland layer depths increased as water supply was increased. The moisture of different water supply treatments and plants increased with the increase of sandland layer depth. The water storage and moisture of the same layer depth of Hedysarum mongolicum Turcz. growing sandland were larger than that of Salix psammophila C. Wang et Ch. Y. Yang growing sandland, which were in turn higher than that of Artemisia ordosica Krasch. growing sandland in the same water supply treatment. Water supply significantly affected the seasonal changes of evaporation and transpiration of the three plant growing sandlands. With the increased levels of water supply, viz. 157.5 mm, 315.0 mm, 472.5 mm and 630.0 mm, the total evaporation was 123.66 mm, 258.68 mm, 376.30 mm, 458.57 mm, respectively, and the total transpiration of A. ordosica was 50.80 mm, 68.93 mm, 108.39 mm, 163.36 mm, respectively, and that of S. psammophila , 47.37 mm, 68.17 mm, 93.65 mm, 135.97 mm, respectively, and that of H. mongolicum 46.73 mm, 67.37 mm, 86.07 mm, 109.64 mm, respectively. Evaporation was significantly higher than transpiration in the experiment.

毛乌素沙地3种优势植物对模拟降水量变化的水分平衡研究
肖春旺 周广胜
（中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态学开放研究实验室，北京100093）

摘要：未来全球变化，尤其降水变化的进一步加剧，将对毛乌素沙地陆地生态系统分布格局和生产力带来巨大影响。为了预测未来变化，提出合理的对应策略，实验选择毛乌素沙地3种优势灌木、半灌木为研究对象，人工控制4种降水量水平来探讨水分平衡对全球降水量变化的响应。结果表明，沙地蓄水量和不同沙层深度含水量季节变化明显受到不同施水量和3种植物种类的影响。3种植物沙地蓄水量和不同深度沙层含水量随着施水量的增加逐渐增大，并且不同施水量和植物沙地含水量随深度增加逐渐增大。在同一施水量处理下的蓄水量和同一深度含水量均大体为杨柴(Hedysarum mongolicum Turcz.)>沙柳(Salix psammophila C.Wang et Ch.Y.Yang)>油蒿(Artemisia ordosica Krasch.)；3种植物的蒸发量和蒸腾量季节变化明显受到施水量的影响。随着施水量的增加，即157.5、315.0、472.5和630.0 mm，蒸发总量依次为123.66、258.68、376.30、458.57 mm；蒸腾总量，油蒿分别为50.80、68.93、108.39、163.36 mm；沙柳分别为47.37、68.17、93.65、135.97 mm;杨柴分别为46.73、67.37，86.07、109.64 mm。蒸发量显著大于蒸腾量。

关键词： 全球变化；模拟降水量；毛乌素沙地；优势植物；水分平衡

Key words: global change, simulated precipitation, Maowusu sandland, dominant plants, water balance