Abstract:

Chromosome counts of three Acorus species ( A. calamus L., A. tatarinowii Schott and A.　gramineus Soland.) were performed in the Southwestern China. Both A. tatarinowii and A. gramineus shared the same chromosome numbers 2n=24. Populations of A.calamus in South and Southwestern Yunnan are tetraploids (2n=44) while those in the central and northwestern Yunnan being hexaploids (2n=66). The hexaploids are reported here for the first time. Attention was drawn to the ploidy pattern in A.calamus . It seems that the hexaploids were evolved from their ancestors during the early Tertiary as an impact of orogenesis of the Himalayas.

中国西南部菖蒲属的细胞学研究，兼论菖蒲的细胞地理
王红 李文丽 顾志建* 陈永燕
（中国科学院昆明植物研究所，昆明650204）

摘要：通过对中国西南部3种菖蒲属(Acorus L.)植物（菖蒲A.calamus L.、石菖蒲A.tatarinowii Schott和金钱蒲A.gramineus Soland.）的细胞学研究，发现分布在云南及四川的9个菖蒲居群中，有5个居群为四倍体(2n=4x=44)，4个居群为六倍体(2n=6x=66)。其中四倍体见于滇南及川西南；六倍体见于滇中及滇西北，并为首次报道。在云南及贵州分布的石菖蒲及金钱蒲5个居群均为二倍体。讨论了菖蒲分布区从二倍体、三倍体、四倍体和六倍体4种不同倍性居群的分布规律和可能的演化关系，六倍体居群的产生很可能与喜马拉雅造山运动有关。

关键词： 菖蒲属；菖蒲；细胞学；细胞地理；中国西南部

Key words: Acorus, Acorus calamus, cytological study, cytogeography, Southwestern China