Abstract:

A comparative study of soil respiration was conducted between in a semi-arid steppe community and in a wet meadow community in the Xilin River Basin of Nei Mongol. The seasonal pattern, the climatic controls, and the correlations of soil respiration with plant biomass components were examined for each community. The main results are reported as follows: (1) The seasonal changes in soil respiration in the two communities had similar dynamic patterns (both being of two peaks), ranging from 312.8 to 1 738.9 mg C·m-2·s-1 and from 354.6 to 2 235.6 mg C·m-2·s-1 in the growing season for the steppe plot and the meadow plot respectively. The soil respiration rate of the meadow plot was distinctly higher than that of the steppe plot, with the daily averages being 1 349.6 mg C·m-2·s-1 and 785.9 mg C·m-2·s-1 respectively. (2) The correlation between soil respiration rate and soil moisture was much more significant than with temperature for the steppe community, and being on the contrary for the meadow community, reflecting the different effects of the two climatic factors in different habitats. Based on these regressive relations, the total CO2 efflux rate in the growing season in 2001 was estimated as 142.4 g C/m2 in the steppe plot, and 236.1 g C/m2 in the meadow plot. (3) There was no evident relation between the total canopy biomass and CO2 evolution rate, but a significant power function relation between the live canopy biomass and CO2 evolution rate in the meadow plot was detected. In the steppe plot, there existed only a weak relation between soil respiration and either live or total canopy biomass.

锡林河流域两类植物群落土壤呼吸特征的比较
张 焱  李凌浩 王艳芬 唐 芳  陈全胜  杨 晶  袁志友  董云社

(1.中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态学重点实验室，北京 100093; 2.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，北京 100101)

摘要: 采用碱液吸收法对锡林河流域一个半干旱典型草原群落的土壤呼吸进行了5个月的野外测定，并对其与气候因子和生物量之间的关系进行了分析。另选择了锡林河岸边的一个沼泽化草甸群落作为对比来研究土壤湿度和植被类型对土壤呼吸的影响。主要结果包括：1)两个群落土壤呼吸的季节动态基本一致，均出现了两个峰值，其中草原群落和草甸群落土壤呼吸速率的变化范围分别为312.8～1 738.9 mg C·m^-2·d^-1 和354.6～2 235.6 mg C·m^-2·d^-1。草甸群落的土壤呼吸速率明显高于草原群落，它们的日平均土壤呼吸速率分别为1 349.6 mg C·m^-2·d^-1和785.9mg C·m ^-2·d ^-1； 2)在草原群落中，土壤呼吸速率与土壤湿度的相关性比其与温度的关系更加显著，而在草甸群落正好相反， 反映出这两种气候因子在不同生境中起着不同的作用。根据土壤呼吸与气温之间的回归关系外推出2001年生长季草原群落和草甸群落的土壤呼吸量分别为142.4 g C/m² 和 236.1 g C/m²；3）在草甸群落中，地上总生物量与土壤呼吸速率之间没有显著的相关关系，而地上部活体生物量与土壤呼吸速率之间则存有很显著的幂函数关系。在草原群落中，土壤呼吸速率与地上活体生物量或地上总生物量的相关性均很弱。
关键词: 土壤呼吸；温度；土壤水分；地上生物量；典型草原；草甸

通讯作者。 E-mail:<LLinghao@ns.ibcas.ac.cn>。