Abstract: Chunia is a monotype of Hamamelidaceae in China. The wood structure of this genus possesses some primitive properties, such as the inclining end-wall of vessel elements, the scalariform perforation plates, the absence of spiral thickening in the wall, the heterogenous rays, crystal inclusion in Cell, and scanty parenchymatous cells in the axial system. On account of its intimate relation to the genus Mytilaria, therefore, both may be represented as primitive genera in this family.