Abstract: The spore morphology of 32 species of Vittaria Smith has been described. Spores are ellipsoidal or long ellipsoidal in polar view, and kidney-shaped in equatorial view, (18.2–65) × (39–110.5) × (19.5–52)μ in size, monolete, without perine. The stratification of exine which is generally 1.9–2.6 μ in thickness is distinct or indistinct. When it is distinct, the sexine is thicker than the nexine. The exine is generally orna- mented with indistinct granulose or vague sculpture, and with small verrucae in three species. In some species, there is a striate texture on the surface of the exine. As far as it goes, it is a very interesting phenomenon that has not been mentioned elsewhere in the literature of palynology. According to the references, the spores are trilete in a few species of this genus. But it is only monolete in our investigated meterial. Because the gross-morphology of plant in these genera of Vittariaceae is very similar to one anther, we raise the quastion whether the few species which have trilete spores really belong to this genus or to the other genus of Vittariaceae which have trilete, it may be further considered. On the basis of the spore types, Vittariaceae (E. B. Copeland, 1948) may be divided into two groups the one belongs to monolete spore type, and the other to trilete spore type. Based on morphology and anatomy of the plant, R. C. Ching (1940) separated out some genera which have trilete from Vittariaceae to establish a new family– Antrophyaceae, it is valuable to further exploration.