%A Zhou Chang and Yang Hong-yuan %T Experimental Manipulation of Pollen Protoplasts Sperms and Generative Cells %0 Journal Article %D 1989 %J J Integr Plant Biol %R %P -${article.jieShuYe} %V 31 %N 9 %U {https://www.jipb.net/CN/abstract/article_26843.shtml} %8 %X This review deals with the up-to-date advances in manipulation of male sexual cells, i.e. pollen protoplasts, sperms, and generative cells of flowering plants, including the isolation, purification, culture and/or fusion, as well as cell-biological studies of these haploid protoplasts or cells. These experimental approaches show fascinating prospects for both genetic engineering and fundamental researches on plant reproductive cells.