Abstract:

Using Object-oriented design and a new programming language JAVA, a physically-based model was built to simulate the hydrological, alkalization/de-alkalization and salinization/desalinization processes in soil. Furthermore, a process-based model was built to evaluate the dynamics of four herbaceous ecosystems (including dynamics of above-ground biomass, below-ground biomass, and litter biomass), each dominated by Aneurolepidium chinense (Trin.) Kitag., Chloris virgata Sw., Puccinellia tenuiflora (Turcz.) Scribn. et Merr. and Suaeda glauca Bunge. This model is a daily-time step model, suitable for simulating hydrological, alkalization/de-alkalization and salinization/desalinization processes of heterogeneous soil, and growth dynamics of different grassland communities. With climatic data and experimental data of Changling Experimental Site in Jilin Province, the soil moisture content (in 1991, 1996, 1997 and 1998), soil salt concentration, exchangeable cation percentage and pH in soil and growth dynamics of these four sorts of grassland communities (in 1991) were simulated and the results were verified to be in accord with observed data.

松嫩平原盐碱化草地生态系统的模拟研究
尚宗波¹ 高琼² 李建东³

（1.中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态学开放实验室，北京100093；
2.  北京师范大学资源科学研究所，北京100875；
3.  东北师范大学植被生态科学教育部重点实验室，长春130024）

摘要：利用面向对象技术及新型编程语言JAVA,建立了物理过程模型来模拟土壤水分、盐化/脱盐过程和碱化/脱碱过程.在此基础上建立了基于过程的模型并分别模拟了以羊草(Aneu rolepidium chinese (Trin.) Kitag.)、虎尾草(Chloris virgata Sw. )、星星草(Puccinellia tenuiflora (Turcz.) Scribn. et Merr.)和碱蓬(Suaeda glauca Bunge)为建群种的4种植物群落的地上生物量、地下生物量以及枯死生物量的变化动态.模型以1 d为步长,适合于模拟异质性强的土壤水盐动态和多种植物群落的生长动态.利用吉林省长岭的气候资料和试验资料,模拟了1991、1996、1997、1998年土壤湿度动态,1991年4种植物群落土壤盐分、碱化度和pH值变化动态,以及1991年4种群落生长动态,并分别利用实验资料进行了验证,模拟效果非常理想.

关键词： 盐碱化草地；水分动态；盐化. 脱盐过程；碱化. 脱碱过程；群落生长动态；生态学模型

Key words: alkalinized-salinized grassland, hydrological process, alkalization/de-alkalization processes, salinization/desalinization processes, growth dynamics, ecological model