J Integr Plant Biol ›› 2025, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (4): 1105-1118.DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13836

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  • 收稿日期:2024-08-29 接受日期:2024-11-26 出版日期:2025-04-01 发布日期:2025-04-28

Molecular and biochemical evolution of casbene-type diterpene and sesquiterpene biosynthesis in rice

Shen Zhou1,2†, Chuansong Zhan2†, Jinjin Zhu1, Chenkun Yang2, Qiaoqiao Zhao2, Yangyang Sun1, Junjie Zhou1, Shuangqian Shen2,*, Jie Luo1,2,*   

  1. 1. National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China;
    2. Yazhouwan National Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
  • Received:2024-08-29 Accepted:2024-11-26 Online:2025-04-01 Published:2025-04-28
  • Contact: *Shuangqian Shen (shenshuangqian@yzwlab.cn); Jie Luo (jie.luo@hainanu.edu.cn, Dr. Luo is fully responsible for the distribution of all materials associated with this article)
  • About author:†These authors contributed equally to this work.
  • Supported by:
    Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City (SCKJ-JYRC-2022-06), the key project of the regional joint fund of National Natural Science Foundation (U22A20476), the Project of National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding (NO. PT2400008492), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32100318), the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (323MS019, 324QN209 and 321QN184), the Hainan University Startup Fund (KYQD(ZR)1866), and Yazhouwan National Laboratory Team Research Funding.

Abstract: Casbene and neocembrene are casbene-type macrocyclic diterpenes; their derivatives play significant roles in plant defense and have pharmaceutical applications. We had previously characterized a casbene synthase, TERPENE SYNTHASE 28 (OsTPS28), in rice (Oryza sativa). However, the mechanism of neocembrene biosynthesis in rice remained unclear. In this study, we identified two genes of the TPS-a1 subfamily, OsTPS2 and OsTPS10, encoding a neocembrene synthase and sesquiterpene synthase, respectively, as supported by enzyme activity assays and determination of subcellular localization. Metabolic profiling of rice lines overexpressing either TPS confirmed the catalytic functions of OsTPS2 and OsTPS10, and suggested that OsTPS10 enhances resistance to rice bacterial blight. An evolutionary analysis revealed that OsTPS10 is conserved in monocots and first appeared in wild rice, whereas OsTPS2 and OsTPS28 sequentially evolved through gene duplication, transit peptide recruitment, and mutation of key amino acids such as H362R. In summary, this study not only deepens our understanding of the metabolic pathways and evolutionary history governing the biosynthesis of casbene-type diterpenoids in rice, representing parallel and divergent evolution within the gene family, and offers gene resources for the improvement of rice.

Key words: diterpenoid, divergent evolution, neocembrene, plant pathogen defense

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