J Integr Plant Biol ›› 2017, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (7): 459-474.DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12530

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Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases regulate cell division and development in Arabidopsis roots

Caifeng Liu1†, Qiao Wu1†, Weiwei Liu1, Zongyin Gu1, Wenjing Wang1, Ping Xu2, Hong Ma1 and Xiaochun Ge1*   

  • 收稿日期:2017-02-03 接受日期:2017-02-28 出版日期:2017-03-06 发布日期:2017-03-06

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases regulate cell division and development in Arabidopsis roots

Caifeng Liu1†, Qiao Wu1†, Weiwei Liu1, Zongyin Gu1, Wenjing Wang1, Ping Xu2, Hong Ma1 and Xiaochun Ge1*   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
    2School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR47TJ, UK
  • Received:2017-02-03 Accepted:2017-02-28 Online:2017-03-06 Published:2017-03-06
  • About author:†These authors contributed equally to this work
    *Correspondence: E-mail: Xiaochun Ge (xcge@fudan.edu.cn)

摘要： Understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating root architecture establishment is very important for agriculture. In this study, we present the evidence that poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases play an important role in regulating root cell division and inhibition of their activities promotes lateral root development.

Abstract:

Root organogenesis involves cell division, differentiation and expansion. The molecular mechanisms regulating root development are not fully understood. In this study, we identified poly(adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) as new players in root development. PARP catalyzes poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of proteins by repeatedly adding ADP-ribose units onto proteins using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) as the donor. We found that inhibition of PARP activities by 3-aminobenzomide (3-AB) increased the growth rates of both primary and lateral roots, leading to a more developed root system. The double mutant of Arabidopsis PARPs, parp1parp2, showed more rapid primary and lateral root growth. Cyclin genes regulating G1-to-S and G2-to-M transition were up-regulated upon treatment by 3-AB. The proportion of 2C cells increased while cells with higher DNA ploidy declined in the roots of treated plants, resulting in an enlarged root meristematic zone. The expression level of PARP2 was very low in the meristematic zone but high in the maturation zone, consistent with a role of PARP in inhibiting mitosis and promoting cell differentiation. Our results suggest that PARPs play an important role in root development by negatively regulating root cell division.

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