Abstract: A brief retrospect on the development and main achievement at the field of plant cell biology and cell engineering in China was given in this review. During the last decade Chinese scientists built up notable contributions to the flourish of the theoretical study of cell biology. Especially, the study of cell signal transduction resulted in the discovery of G-protein and its function. In the field of plant cell engineering, Chinese scientists put great efforts on expression of cell totipotency at the level of plant species, organ, tissue, cell and chromosome, among which some special research work such as the technique of isolation of sexual cells, regeneration of sexual organs, design of the N6 basal medium and large scale production of medicaments via cell culture were accepted or referenced by the international colleagues.