J Integr Plant Biol

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Temporal control of root system architecture under osmotic stress: ABA-SnRK2 signaling and adaptive plasticity

Yupeng Zhang, Ruirui Xu, Yue Wang, Chengchao Zheng, Guodong Yang and Shizhong Zhang

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70432

Version of Record online: 05 November 2026

Roots adjust their growth under osmotic stress, but how this changes over time is poorly understood. This review proposes a temporal coding system: different SnRK2 kinases act at different timescales, and a balance point indicates whether roots prioritize rapid defense or long-term adaptation, guiding stress-tolerant crop design.

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SlMED2 regulates locule number through the SlTPL-SlKNU floral meristem module

Sufu Gan, Yong Kang, Can Luo, Ying Li, Ying Gao, Jianghua Cai, Leilei Zhou, Mondher Bouzayen, Baowen Huang, Yulin Cheng and Zhengguo Li

doi: 10.1111/jipb.70437

Version of Record online: 05 November 2026

The Mediator complex subunit SlMED2 controls carpel number in tomato through promoter-proximal and long-range genomic interactions with the SlTPL-SlKNU floral meristem module, which represses SlWUS and SlCLV3, resulting in termination of stem cell activity.

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ZmSGT1-mediated competitive protection of ZmBBI1 enhances maize resistance to Rhizoctonia solani

Yuanyuan Sun, Le Wang, Xiaofei He, Bingding Zhu, Zhijin Ma, Kun Wan and Ning Li

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70441

Version of Record online: 05 November 2026

In maize, the Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor ZmBBI1 confers resistance against sheath blight but is suppressed by the Rhizoctonia solani effector Rs03254. The immune co-chaperone ZmSGT1 competitively displaces Rs03254 to recover ZmBBI1-mediated defense responses. This three-component conflict supplies candidate genes for breeding disease-resistant maize varieties.

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Local auxin biosynthesis links cell wall remodeling to lateral root emergence

Lei Li, Xinfang Zhu, Zhaojun Ding, Cuiling Li and Xiangpei Kong

doi: 10.1111/jipb.70442

Version of Record online: 05 November 2026

Auxin promotes lateral root emergence by remodeling surrounding root tissues. Cell wall modifications, including altered lignin deposition, are associated with successful root emergence, revealing a mechanism by which plants establish branched root systems to sustain growth and survival.

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Chemical cues and cognitive models: Integrating metabolomics and AI for plant stress resilience

Aiswarya Girija, Veda Krishnan, Julia von Steimker, Alisdair R. Fernie

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70434

Version of Record online: 03 November 2026

Plants make thousands of different chemicals that reveal how they cope with changing climates. This view explains how evolving artificial intelligence approaches can combine these chemical fingerprints with genetics and environment to build a digital twin of a plant, helping breeders predict performance and develop climate-resilient crops much faster.

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An alfalfa MYB71-centered activation–attenuation module fine-tunes redox homeostasis and drought tolerance in Medicago sativa

Bingcheng Han, Xueming Dong, Congcong Shi, Pei Mao, Yige Zhang, Qiang Zhou, Longfa Fang, Wenxian Liu, Chunxiang Fu, Jiangqi Wen, Zhipeng Liu

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70436

Version of Record online: 03 November 2026

In alfalfa, the transcription factor MsMYB71 activates the peroxiredoxin Q gene ^MsPrxQ, which helps remove harmful reactive oxygen species and improves drought tolerance. The WD40-repeat protein MsPRL1 and the Cullin-family scaffold protein MsCUL4 interact with and limit MsMYB71 accumulation and activity in an activation-attenuation mechanism.

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Engineering AP/Exo-Cas12 as an efficient toolbox for rice genome editing via integrated repair and exonuclease modules

Nan Chai, Ruixiang Zhang, Guangzhou Li, Liying Su, Jun Wen, Shirui Huo, Xudong Yuan, Ruyue Chang, Xinglei Zheng, Zhiye Zheng, Taoli Liu, Dongchang Zeng, Qiupeng Lin, Yao-Guang Liu, Xianrong Xie, Jiantao Tan, Qinlong Zhu

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70440

Version of Record online: 03 November 2026

A modular apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP)/Exo-Cas12 toolbox integrates cell selection enrichment with AP-repair pathways or exonucleases for plant editing. It achieves efficient multiplex genome editing and easily detectable large DNA deletions in rice, providing a robust platform for multigene knockouts and crop improvement.

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NSP2 phosphorylation modulates HYL1 nuclear import via KETCH1 to promote miRNA biogenesis in Arabidopsis

Tingting Zhai, Mengjie Gu, Yanjiao Wang, Ke Qu, Ping Liu, Wei Yang, Shuxin Zhang

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70435

Version of Record online: 30 October 2026

Arabidopsis NITRILE-SPECIFIER PROTEIN 2 (NSP2) is a phosphorylation-regulated scaffold that coordinates HYL1 nuclear trafficking and microprocessor assembly. Dephosphorylation of NSP2 promotes the nuclear import of HYL1, thereby facilitating microRNA biogenesis.

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Root saprotropism: A tropism guided by environmental pH sensing

Kaiyue Wang, Li Liu

doi: 10.1111/jipb.70431

Version of Record online: 28 October 2026

In saprotropism, roots perceive fungal-derived acidic pH gradients via the RGF-RGFR module to trigger asymmetric abscisic acid signaling, reorient microtubules, and drive root bending away from decay. Extracellular pH is a key convergence mode that mediates diverse plant-microbe interactions.

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Disruption of OsMAPKKK24 activation by the Xanthomonas oryzae effector XopY leads to compromised disease resistance in rice

Lilan Chen, Yongming Chen, Wencai Xu, Xiaofang Wu, Shanshan Deng, Zhanchun Wang, Dingzhong Tang, Wei Wang

doi: 10.1111/jipb.70428

Version of Record online: 27 October 2026

The kinase OsRLCK55 phosphorylates OsMAPKKK24 to positively regulate rice resistance against Xanthomonas oryzae. To compromise this defense, the effector XopY targets OsMAPKKK24 and suppresses its autophosphorylation and the transphosphorylation mediated by OsRLCK55, ultimately leading to reduced disease resistance.

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Defining membrane-bound transcription factors in plant stress responses

Zhihong Zhu, Detao Yi, Jingrui Peng, Yiwei He, Chong Wang, Junjie Li, Qun Hu, Jing Zou, Jianguo Wu, Shuai Zhang

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70429

Version of Record online: 27 October 2026

This review explains how membrane-associated transcription factors become active through mechanisms involving water channels or changes in membranes and organelles. It examines whether these pathways overlap, how they affect growth and defense, and what remains uncertain for improving crop resilience.

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An edible invitation: Recruiting beneficial fungi through what they eat

Kenji Suetsugu

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70426

Version of Record online: 22 October 2026

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Two roads to a full ear: How maize domestication shaped form and function

Rubén Rellán-Álvarez

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70427

Version of Record online: 22 October 2026

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Two linked nitrate reductase genes CR8.1 and CR8.2 positively coregulate yield and NUE in rice

Linlin Hou, Dongdong Chen, Guang Chen, Jiajia Liu, Hongge Qian, Lianguang Shang, Xiangjian Pan, Shenghang Jiang, Guangheng Zhang, Longbiao Guo, Guojun Dong, Li Zhu, Jiang Hu, Qing Li, Lan Shen, Qiang Zhang, Qian Qian, Guoyou Ye, Zhenyu Gao

doi: 10.1111/jipb.70420

Version of Record online: 19 October 2026

The qCR8 locus contains two linked nitrate reductase genes, CR8.1 and CR8.2. Genetic and biochemical evidence shows that their additive activity promotes nitrate uptake and transport, grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency, and that alleles from the cultivar 9311 are favorable for rice breeding.

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Genomic dissection of divergent selection reveals a roadmap for reciprocal improvement of Chinese and American soybean

Chengzhi Jiao, Delin Li, Hao Zhang, Zhongren Zhang, Xueqing Wang, Long Yan, Tianqing Zheng, Chaosen Zhao, Hongmei Qiu, Guangnan Xing, Guoyu Hu, Like Liu, Qiang Wang, Wen Huang, Xing Wang, Yumin Wang, Long Miao, YanFei Li, Xin Jing, Xiaojian Fang, Yu Tian, Ying-Hui Li, Xiaobo Wang, Li-Juan Qiu

doi: 10.1111/jipb.70421

Version of Record online: 19 October 2026

Genomic dissection of 2,377 soybean accessions identified 261 trait-associated loci with distinct beneficial alleles in Chinese and American germplasms, enabled development of the Soybean Targeted Improvement Navigation System framework for targeted allele introgression, and provided genomic resources for knowledge-driven soybean design breeding.

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Creation of fragrant wheat by targeted mutagenesis of either BADH1 or both BADH1 and BADH2 using CRISPR/Cas9

Jinman Luo, Lei Yan, Jingying Li, Chen Zhang, Shaoya Li, Yubing He, Yan Guo, Lanqin Xia

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70422

Version of Record online: 19 October 2026

Editing TaBADH1 alone or TaBADH1 and TaBADH2 via CRISPR/Cas9 produced fragrant wheat with up to 11.24-fold higher 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline than the wild type without yield penalty, revealing asymmetric functional redundancy between these two genes and providing elite germplasm for wheat quality improvement

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CPK10 phosphorylates zinc-sensing transcription factors bZIP19/23 to establish time-delayed negative feedback in plant zinc homeostasis

Yuan Deng, Chenyue Yang, Yaru Wu, Yongke Zhou, Ying Chen, Cun Wang, Zhenqian Zhang, Chuanfeng Ju

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70423

Version of Record online: 19 October 2026

The kinase CPK10 acts as a delayed brake on zinc uptake by phosphorylating the transcription factor bZIP19/23 and thus reducing zinc transporter expression. This prevents plants from taking up too much zinc, maintaining zinc homeostasis.

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The BIK1-WRKY9 module activates jasmonate signaling to confer apple resistance to Alternaria blotch

Yixue Bai, Dongqian Shan, Chanyu Wang, Zehui Hu, Tianci Yan, Tong Zhang, Xin Liu, Handong Song, Zhaoyang Zhou, Jun Liu, Yan Guo, Wei Li, Xiaodong Zheng, Jin Kong

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70414

Version of Record online: 15 October 2026

The apple transcription factor WRKY9 mediates growth-defense trade-offs: it suppresses growth by downregulating DWF4, reducing brassinosteroid levels; Alternaria alternata infection activates the kinase BIK1 to phosphorylate WRKY9, which inhibits JAZ8 to promote jasmonic acid signaling and enhance resistance. This offers genetic targets for breeding A. alternata-resistant apple varieties.

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TaANT11-4A enhances grain yield by orchestrating photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism through direct transcriptional activation

Pengpeng Zhang, Jingjing Wen, Shan Gao, Jiajun Ma, Jiahui Jin, Xiaofei Ma, Wen-Ting Liu, Juan Li, De-Jun Han, Yue-Qiang Zhang, Kun-Ming Chen

doi: 10.1111/jipb.70416

Version of Record online: 14 October 2026

TaANT11-4A is a positive regulator of wheat grain size and yield, directly activating TaEGY2, TaAAE1, and TaAAE2 to enhance photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism. The favorable Hap2 haplotype increases TaANT11-4A expression and grain size, providing a genetic resource for breeding higher-yielding wheat varieties.

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S-glutathionylation of MaWRKY44 orchestrates a MaZFP139-MaWRKY44-MaGSTU07 cascade to enhance banana cold tolerance

Shuqin Lin, Wen Song, Shaoting Liao, Haike Tan, Jianji Qi, Danling Cai, Wei Wei, Wei Shan, Jianfei Kuang, Jianye Chen, Wangjin Lu

doi: 10.1111/jipb.70419

Version of Record online: 14 October 2026

In banana, at low temperatures (7℃), the transcription factor MaZFP139 activates MaWRKY44 expression. MaWRKY44 binds to the W-box sites in the promoter of the glutathione S-transferase gene MaGSTU07 to enhance reactive oxygen species scavenging. S-glutathionylation protects MaWRKY44 from oxidation-induced degradation, reinforcing antioxidant defenses and limiting peel browning in bananas.

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Single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveals a key regulator RsHB8 affecting vascular cambium activity and xylem differentiation during radish taproot thickening

Feng Cui, Jingxue Li, Hongyu Bi, Sichen Zhao, Xiaoqi Yuan, Boya Zhao, Liang Xu, Yinbo Ma, Xiaoli Zhang, Sen Chen, Yuting Zhang, Yan Wang, Liwang Liu

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70417

Version of Record online: 14 October 2026

In xylem differentiation in radish taproots, HOMEOBOX 8 (RsHB8) is proposed to activate transcription of the xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase gene RsXTH22 and contribute to cell-wall remodeling, whereas the LOB domain-containing protein RsLBD21 interacts with RsHB8 and attenuates this transcriptional activation.

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Comparative genomics reveals hidden genetic determinants of wheat gluten quality

Jijin Zhang, Zhanxiang Wang, Wenjia Zhang, Da Zheng, Ao Li, Lei Guo, Beirui Niu, Bingjie Zhu, Xin Gao, Meng Jin, Jing Wang, Changbin Yin, Xinyou Cao, Fei Lu

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70418

Version of Record online: 06 October 2026

Integrating comparative genomics, QTL mapping and haplotype association revealed variation associated with wheat gluten quality. Structural variants may have larger effects and epistasis provided additional predictive information. These findings highlight structural variation and epistasis as important considerations for breeding wheat with improved gluten quality.

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A NAC–MYB–cysteine regulatory module enhances drought and salt tolerance in soybean

Nannan Zhang, Jiale Liu, Wenhuan Lv, Yanting Li, Yuanwen Zheng, Qi Shi, Fangguo Chang, Hu Zhang, Shihao Jia, Jiale Cui, Qican Cheng, Muqadas Aleem, Aisha Almakas, Tuanjie Zhao, Jianying Feng, Jinming Zhao

doi: 10.1111/jipb.70410

Version of Record online: 04 October 2026

In the GmNAC3—GmMYB60—GmCYS20 module, GmNAC3 represses the transcription factor gene GmMYB60 and GmMYB60 suppresses the cysteine biosynthetic gene GmCYS20. GmCYS20-mediated cysteine metabolism feeds back to limit GmMYB60 activity. This transcription—metabolism circuit enhances stress tolerance and offers breeding targets for resilient soybean.

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SlBPC1 regulates fruit elongation by directly repressing SlOFP2/SlOFP21 and SUN expression in tomato

Sunan Gao, Long Cui, Licheng Xiao, Rong Huang, Jing Wei, Chunrui Chen, Wenran Su, Jiajun Ran, Lei Song, Jingyi Li, Taotao Wang, Zonglie Hong, Zhibiao Ye, Jie Ye, Junhong Zhang

doi: 10.1111/jipb.70409

Version of Record online: 04 October 2026

In tomato, switching off the transcription factor gene SlBPC1 leads to longer fruits by altering cell division patterns during early fruit development. The SlBPC1 regulatory pathway includes the SlOFP2, SlOFP21, and SUN genes, offering valuable targets for breeding tomatoes with market-preferred shapes.

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Asymmetric selection decoupling of nitrogen use efficiency in maize

Li'an Jin, Jiafan Liu, Shan Jiang, Liqin Li, Jiajing Li, Gang Guo, Qingyun Zhang, Zhennan Xu, Zhigang Zheng, Junjie Zou, Baobao Wang, Haiyang Wang, Miaoyun Xu

doi: 10.1111/jipb.70412

Version of Record online: 04 October 2026

Integrating phenotypic, genomic, and functional analyses identifies ZmLLG3 as a regulator of coordinated nitrogen acquisition and redistribution, highlighting a shift from single-trait selection toward coordinated optimization of nitrogen use efficiency.

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Natural promoter variation in OsDSF7 contributes to drought and salt tolerance in rice

Huanyu Wang, Run Li, Liang Zhang, Xiaosong Ma, Sheng Zhao, Aipeng Li, Liang Xu, Yuanyuan Tan, Pengcheng Wei, Qingyao Shu, Shiyong Song

doi: 10.1111/jipb.70413

Version of Record online: 01 October 2026

The tetratricopeptide repeat protein gene OsDSF7 gene helps rice withstand drought and salt stresses. Naturally occurring differences in its regulatory region alter gene activity and stress tolerance. A favorable version improves field performance, particularly under salt conditions, offering a resource for breeding resilient rice.

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S-nitrosylation of SlMYB86 within a SlGRF4–SlMYB86–SlGSNOR module enhances nitrate tolerance in tomato

Senlin Zeng, Juan Du, Yulong Yang, Tao LiuFu, Jiali Zhai, Yang Feng, Qinrong Hua, Lamei Zheng, Xu Li, Kunzhi Li, Sodmergen, Xudong Sun, Huini Xu

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70408

Version of Record online: 30 September 2026

Tomato SlGRF4 transcriptionally activates the transcription factor gene SlMYB86, nitrate-triggered nitric oxide accumulation enhances SlMYB86 function via S-nitrosylation, and SlMYB86 upregulates SlGSNOR to form a negative feedback loop, balancing cellular reactive molecules and boosting nitrate tolerance in tomato seedlings.

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Light signaling controls chloroplast pyruvate metabolism through the STF1/2–PKP1 module in soybean

Faming Lin, Xiaoran Wang, Chenhao Zhao, Shaolong Yang, Jingnan Xu, Hongyi Su, Ruixiang Lei, Yilei Xu, Jike Xue, Ming Chang, Fanjiang Kong, Ran Wang

doi: 10.1111/jipb.70407

Version of Record online: 29 September 2026

In soybean, light-responsive proteins switch on GmPKP1, which boosts chloroplast pyruvate production. This increases pigments, photosynthesis, seed oil, pod number, and yield, revealing a new way that light boosts crop productivity.

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Ancestral karyotype construction and chromosome fusion in Poaceae

Yanli Wei, Guochao Wu, Xiaozhu Guo, Zifen Guo, Jianquan Liu, Minghui Kang, Wenli Chen

doi: 10.1111/jipb.70411

Version of Record online: 29 September 2026

Reconstruction of the ancestral grass karyotype using two new chromosome-level genomes and 19 published assemblies shows that the ancestral Poaceae karyotype had 12 protochromosomes (x = 12), not 11, and that 48 chromosome fusions serve as reliable phylogenetic markers, clarifying grass chromosomal evolution.

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A cytokinin–NIN module drives spontaneous root nodule formation in alfalfa

Yazhen Guo, Hongwei Guo, Shujing Cheng, Peiyong Xin, Ronghui Yu, Zhibin Fan, Jinfang Chu, Jian Feng

doi: 10.1111/jipb.70415

Version of Record online: 29 September 2026

Alfalfa can form root nodules even in the absence of rhizobial bacteria in a process controlled by cytokinin and the regulator NIN, and initiated by the plant itself; these observations provide a foundation for engineering nodule-like organs in other crops.

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RNA regulatory landscapes in fleshy fruits: From regulation mechanisms to quality design

Renkun Tang, Meng Zhang, Kuo Chen, Guozheng Qin, Liqun Ma, Hongliang Zhu

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70403

Version of Record online: 28 September 2026

This review highlights five regulatory layers affecting fruit quality—RNA modification, organellar RNA editing, alternative splicing, long non-codingRNAs, and microRNAs—and their crosstalk. It also introduces emerging RNA-mediated strategies for improving and maintaining fruit quality.

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Rewiring the SVP-AGL24 module into a flowering-promoting cascade via legume-specific E1 repressors in soybean

Lei Chen, Jiemin Chen, Haiting Zhong, Zixiang Yang, Chao Fang, Fanjiang Kong, Baohui Liu, Sijia Lu

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70404

Version of Record online: 28 September 2026

The soybean AGAMOUS-LIKE transcription factor GmAGL24 directly represses expression of the SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE genes GmSVP1 and 2, leading to decreased repression of the legume-specific repressor gene E1. The resulting derepression of GmFT2a promotes flowering. The legume-specific E1 gene converts SVP activity from repressive to activating.

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Grazing alters the response of ANPP to precipitation variability in a desert steppe

Feng Zhang, Shaoyu Li, Jiahua Zheng, Bin Zhang, Jing Wang, Zhongwu Wang, Zhiguo Li, Guodong Han, Mengli Zhao

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70406

Version of Record online: 25 September 2026

A long-term experiment examining desert steppe plots showed that after 18 years, grazed plots had fewer forbs but more grasses than ungrazed plots. In grazed plots, grasses were more sensitive to summer rain, but forbs and the community were less sensitive. Past rainfall mattered, though grazing altered forbs' legacy response.

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A telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of the Arachis batizocoi

Guoquan Chen, Qian Wang, Boyang Zhang, Linhong Xu, Lijuan Miao, Suoyi Han, Xiaobo Wang, Pei Du, Liuyang Fu, Xinyou Zhang

doi: 10.1111/jipb.70405

Version of Record online: 24 September 2026

A gap-free, 1.29 Gb telomere-to-telomere genome of the wild peanut Arachis batizocoi achieved 98.50% BUSCO completeness and 38,919 annotated genes. Comparative analyses resolved ten centromeres, rust-resistance transcriptomes were analyzed, and the triploid hybrid W2557 was generated for breeding.

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Beyond hypoxia: Context-dependent transcriptional reprogramming by ERFVIIs

Ashim Kumar Das, Imran Khan, Byung-Wook Yun, Mohammad Golam Mostofa

doi: 10.1111/jipb.70402

Version of Record online: 22 September 2026

This Commentary highlights the finding that an increased post-submergence oxidative burst reprograms plant cysteine oxidase (PCO)—group VII ethylene response factor (ERFVII) oxygen sensing, inhibiting PCO activity and transcriptionally rewiring ERFVIIs toward oxidative stress recovery. This redefines ERFVIIs as redox–responsive stress integrators and reveals targets to enhance climate–adaptive stress responses.

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Pan-genomic analysis of alternative polyadenylation reveals a 3′UTR remodeling regulatory layer controlling salt tolerance in rice

Chuanlin Shi, Wenli Zou, Yan Cui, Zhangqiang Wang, Longbo Yang, Zhikun Wu, Xianmeng Wang, Yiwang Zhu, Dandan Chen, Haohua He, Huiying He, Hua Wei, Lianguang Shang, Qian Qian

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70399

Version of Record online: 22 September 2026

Alternative polyadenylation (APA) tunes mRNA tail length. Profiling a rice pan-genome population under normal and salt conditions revealed the population-level APA landscape and the 3′aQTL map. It documented salt-induced shortening of 3' untranslated regions and links APA to genetic variants, offering gene targets for breeding salt-tolerant rice.

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Ethylene receptors at the ER: Potential hubs integrating hormone, redox, and Ca²⁺ signaling

Qianshen Zhang, Yiping Wang, Ruiqi Wang, Jiale Zhang, Savithramma P. Dinesh-Kumar, Xiaofeng Wang, Yongliang Zhang

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70398

Version of Record online: 20 September 2026

This review examines findings that the Arabidopsis ethylene receptor ETR1 does more than detect this hormone: it also senses the cellular redox balance and allows calcium to permeate. These roles may help plants coordinate development, cellular balance, and responses to environmental change.

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T2T genome assembly and CRISPR/Cas9 editing of Medicago lupulina

Qing Yuan, Cheng Li, Guangyan Wang, Wenfei Dai, Eerdungaridi, Di Wu, Qingdun Fan, Yongping Yang, Yuanwen Duan, Xudong Sun

doi: 10.1111/jipb.70401

Version of Record online: 19 September 2026

A complete, gap-free genome of Medicago lupulina, a tough, high-protein forage legume, and a gene-editing tool for this species, which was used to alter its leaf shape, provide key resources for improving alfalfa and breeding better forage crops for high-altitude environments.

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Four sequential filters constrain the efficacy of spray-induced gene silencing against fungal pathogens

Sooho Lim, Hokyoung Son

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70400

Version of Record online: 19 September 2026

Spray-induced gene silencing offers a non-transgenic and sequence-specific strategy for controlling fungal diseases. This review proposes four sequential filters—environmental persistence, pathogen-site exposure, fungal cytosolic delivery, and RNAi machinery availability—to explain inconsistent efficacy and provide a practical basis for designing and evaluating more reliable RNAi-based fungicides under field-relevant conditions.

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The CmMYB6-CmWRKY13-CmBr module mediates cucurbitacin B accumulation in melon fruit under CPPU treatment

Fei Luo, Haoxiong Tang, Yuqing Han, Liyuan Zhen, Ruirui Wei, Yushan Huang, Jian Pan, Tao Liu, Hongyan Qi

DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70388

Version of Record online: 19 September 2026

Cucurbitacin B (CuB), a key compound responsible for melon fruit bitterness, significantly reduces fruit quality. The CmMYB6-CmWRKY13-CmBr transcriptional cascade mediates CuB accumulation, providing insights into the molecular basis of bitterness formation and offering theoretical guidance for breeding of non-bitter melon varieties.

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