Abstract: This paper deals with history of the mixed conifer and hardwood forest in Northeast China. Dated pollen records published so far indicated that forests of this kind were distributed in north and east parts of Changbai Mountain above 900m a.s.l, during the warm period of Holocene, ca. I0,000 to 5,000–4,000 B. P.. During the same period the lower altitude of the region was covered with hardwood forest. From about 5,000 B.P., in accordance with general climatic cooling, pine (mainly Pinus koraiensis) began to migrate to the low altitude and to form the mixed forest with hardwood elements. Pine population at that time was larger than it is now and reduced sharply in the last 2–3 hundred years as a result of human activities.

Key words: Temperate mixed conifer and hardwood forest, Vegetation history, Palyno Logy