Abstract: From 1960 to 1961, studies on decapitation and translocation of assimilates of rape (Brassica napella Chaix.) have been carried out at Shanghai. The results of these experiments may be summarised as follows. Since decapitation destroyed “apical dominance”, it resulted changes in plant form. The growth rates of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd branches accelerated. The length and weight of the side branches and the number of capsules on the branches increased. But the increase in number of capsules on branches could not compensate the decrease in number of capsules in the decapitated parts; the yield of rape was lower in the treated plants. At the shooting stage, the major part of the assimilates produced in the leaves was translocated to stems, when the leaves were supplied with C14O2 72.8% of the total radioactivity appeared in stem, 12.6% in buds, 13.8% in roots and 0.7% in leaves. There was a localization of assimilates between the leaves and their auxillary buds, and among the phyllotaxically related parts. Decapitation modified the numerical ratio of the distribution without changing its essential order.