Ectopic lignification in primary cellulose-deficient cell walls of maize cell suspension cultures

doi:10.1111/jipb.12346

J Integr Plant Biol. ›› 2015, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (4): 357-372.DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12346

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Ectopic lignification in primary cellulose-deficient cell walls of maize cell suspension cultures

Hugo Mélida^1,2†, Asier Largo-Gosens^1†, Esther Novo-Uzal³, Rogelio Santiago^4,5, Federico Pomar⁶, Pedro García⁷, Penélope García-Angulo¹, José Luis Acebes¹, Jesús Álvarez¹ and Antonio Encina^1*

¹Plant Physiology laboratory, Facultad de CC Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad de León, León, Spain
²Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
³Department of Plant Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
⁴Universidad de Vigo, Facultad de Biología, Dpto. Biología Vegetal y Ciencias del Suelo. Campus As Lagoas Marcosende, Vigo, Spain
⁵Agrobiología Ambiental. Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC)
⁶Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology. University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
⁷Department of Molecular Biology (Área de Genética), Facultad de CC Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad de León, León, Spain

Received:2014-11-28 Accepted:2015-02-25 Published:2015-04-01
About author:^*Correspondence: E-mail: a.encina@unileon.es

Abstract

Abstract:

Maize (Zea mays L.) suspension-cultured cells with up to 70% less cellulose were obtained by stepwise habituation to dichlobenil (DCB), a cellulose biosynthesis inhibitor. Cellulose deficiency was accompanied by marked changes in cell wall matrix polysaccharides and phenolics as revealed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Cell wall compositional analysis indicated that the cellulose-deficient cell walls showed an enhancement of highly branched and cross-linked arabinoxylans, as well as an increased content in ferulic acid, diferulates and p-coumaric acid, and the presence of a polymer that stained positive for phloroglucinol. In accordance with this, cellulose-deficient cell walls showed a fivefold increase in Klason-type lignin. Thioacidolysis/GC-MS analysis of cellulose-deficient cell walls indicated the presence of a lignin-like polymer with a Syringyl/Guaiacyl ratio of 1.45, which differed from the sensu stricto stress-related lignin that arose in response to short-term DCB-treatments. Gene expression analysis of these cells indicated an overexpression of genes specific for the biosynthesis of monolignol units of lignin. A study of stress signaling pathways revealed an overexpression of some of the jasmonate signaling pathway genes, which might trigger ectopic lignification in response to cell wall integrity disruptions. In summary, the structural plasticity of primary cell walls is proven, since a lignification process is possible in response to cellulose impoverishment.

Mélida H, Largo-Gosens A, Novo-Uzal E, Santiago R, Pomar F, García P, García-Angulo P, Acebes JL, Álvarez J, Encina A (2015) Ectopic ligniﬁcation in primary cellulose-deﬁcient cell walls of maize cell suspension cultures. J Integr Plant Biol 57: 357–372 doi: 10.1111/jipb.12346

Key words: Cellulose, DCB, dichlobenil, ectopic lignin, maize

Hugo Mélida, Asier Largo-Gosens, Esther Novo-Uzal, Rogelio Santiago, Federico Pomar, Pedro García, Penélope García-Angulo, José Luis Acebes, Jesús Álvarez, and Antonio Encina. Ectopic lignification in primary cellulose-deficient cell walls of maize cell suspension cultures[J]. J Integr Plant Biol., 2015, 57(4): 357-372.

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Ectopic lignification in primary cellulose-deficient cell walls of maize cell suspension cultures

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