Abstract: Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, located at northwest China, is very harsh and dry. Its average annual precipitation is usually lower than 300 mm, and the average month temperature never reaches 15 ℃. Due to the conditions of low temperature and humidity, the bryophytes become strongly to suffer the harsh environment, and their sporophytes rapidly grow in a very short period of time. The observation on Pterygoneurum ovatum (Hedw.) Dix. confirms that its morphology and biological characters with cuculate leaves and lamellae on the ventral surface of midrib make it strongly adapt to the environment condition.

Key words: Pterygoneurum ovatum, Biological characters