Abstract: First mitosis of wheat microspores in anther culture was studied by electron microscope. The division types of the most pollen grains were unequal (A pathway) and that of others were equal (B pathway). The characteristics of unequal division of microspores in vitro in contrast with in Vivo were as follows: (1) Phragmoplast and “phragmoplast-pla- smalemma complex” were of occurrence after nucleus division but new cell wall could not form between two daughter nuclei. (2) Generative cells were various in size, shape and amount of cytoplasmic organelles. (3) Generative cell could attach to intine at all times and underwent sporophyte division there. "Phragmoplast-plasmalemma complex" surrounding generative cell did not disappear even after generative cell detached from the intine, so that there was always an obvious demarcation line between derivative nuclei of generative and vegetative nucleus.