Abstract: The endosperm callus has been induced from immature endosperm of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) on the MS medium supplemented with auxin. When the callus was transferred to the medium supplemented with lower concentration of auxin, the differentiation of shoots began to occur. The regenerated plantlets can be green, albino and whitegreen stripe. The chromosome number in the cells from same root tip of endosperm plantlet is very unstable. They can be euploid (2n=7, 14, 21, 28) or aneuploid (2n = 8, 9, 10, 13).