Abstract: Pure saponins were extrated from the roots of Panax ginseng. By means of thin-layer chromatography, twelve kinds of single saponins in ginsenosides were de- termined. According to S. Shibata's nomenclature, they are named Ginsenoside -Ro, -Ra, -Rb1, -Rb2, -Rc, -Rd, -Re, -Rf, -Rg1, -Rg2, and -Rh respectively. Sapogenin was obtained from the hydrolysis of ginsenoside. And three kinds of artificial single saponins were separated from sapogenin through Silica gel .G. According to the results of thin-layer chromatographic analysis, determination of melting point and identification of IR and NMR, the separated these three artificial single sapogenins are referred to as panaxadiol, panaxatriol and oleanolic acid respectively.