Abstract: Guizotia abyssinica (L.) Cass., the famous oil seed plant origin endemic to Ethiopia has been newly introduced from abroad and successfully propagated in different localities of Yunnan province. Botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological and cultural studies have been investigated on this plant. The experimental results show that Guizotia is a plant with wide adaptability. It is suitable for planting on the red soil hillocks throughout the Yunnan plateau, and technique of cultivation is simple. The oil content of seeds is rather high, and its fatty acid component is essentially linoleic acid. It may be used as edible oil. The pharmacological experiments on animals indicated that the oil can also be used as a certain remedy for artereosclerosis. So, Guizotia abyssinica is an oil plant with a greay economical future. We plan to cultivate it extensively in our province, as well as other southern provinces.