Abstract: The chemical composition of the head space and essential oil of fresh flowers of KU-Shui rose, which were collected by adsorption with Paropark Q (60–80 mesh) and steam distillation-extraction respectively, have been identified both by capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and the Kovats Index of the components. From the head space, 63 compounds have been identified, among which 27 compounds were not present or found only in trace amount in the essential oil. From the essential oil, 79 compounds have been identified, among which 55 compounds have not been found in this flower previously.