Abstract: Pollen of Ephedra sinica is shed at 5-celled stage and its male gametophyte is fundamentally similar to that of another conifer. Wall formation of the female gametophyte follows after 8 or 9 times of free nuclear divisions resulting in the produetion of some 256 or 512 free nuclei. Archegonia are generally 2–3 in number with 20-30 neck cells arranged in 4–5 rows. After division, the central cell forms the ventral canal nucleus and the egg. The latter is surrounded by a mass of dense cytoplasm. The development of the embryo is rather rapid. The two cotyledons of the mature embryo are well developed while its columnar tissue in root cap is weak. Pith is present in hypocotyl. The embryonic epidermis does not extend to the root cap and the junction between hypocotyl and pericolumn of the root cap is distinct.