Abstract: In vitro culture of young inflorescences of F1 intergeneric haploid which, having a somatic chromosome number of 2l, had been obtained from immature embryo culture of Triticum durum stewart 63 D311[4X] × Haynaldia villosa before, resulted in proliferation of totipotent calli from which plantlets were regenerated. Regenerations were also obtained from immature embyro calli of Fl intergeneric hybrid of T. durum mexicali-75×H, villosa and T durum 81086A× H. villosa 742 calli were used for colchicine treatment during the cultivation of culture. The colchicine concentrations were 20, 50, 100 and 150 mg/l for treatment of 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 and 19 days respectively under 10 hours of light daily at 20–27℃. After treatment, calli were put at lower temperature for several days to make them grow slow and be strong. The results show that the average of the chromosome doubling rate [No. of fertile plantlets/totai No of plantlets×100%] is 78.8% [rang from 45.7–96.9% according to different hybrids] , and the treatment effect No. of fertile plantlets/total No. of calli is 15.8%. The treatment with 150 mg/l of colchicine for 10 days got the best result with chromosome doubling rate of 94.1% and 8 days got the best result with treatment effect 34.1% respectively. Colchicine treated calli had 42 or 21 chromosomes and they were either separated in different calli or mixed in one callus, while F1 seed root tip cells of fertile plant had 42 chromosomes. Some unequal divisions and chromosome fragments were observed in pollen mother cells of fertile plants.

Key words: Triticum durum, Haynaldia villosa, Amphihaploid, Callus, Chromosome Doubling