Abstract:

The 16 tree species on Northeast China Transect (NECT) were analyzed from the change of geographical distribution, frequency and dominance pattern and the spatial correlation at landscape scale in 1986 and 1994. Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc. and Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hemsl. had spread rapidly towards west and east, respectively. The frontier form of species had close relation with its movement. The patch size of Pinus koraiensis, Populus davidiana Dode., Phellodendron amurense Rupr., Juglans mandshurica Maxim., Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr., Betula dahurica Pall., Picea koraiensis Nakai, Abies nephrolepis Maxim. and Larix olgeusis var. koreana Nakai decreased, however, Quercus mongolica Fisch., Betula costata Trautv., Acer mono Maxim., Tilia spp., Ulmus spp., Betula platyphylla Suk. and Fraxinus rhynchophylla increased. The frequency pattern of Populus davidiana, Betula platyphylla, Fraxinus rhynchophylla and Betula dahurica changed significantly. The dominance pattern of Populus davidiana, Tilia spp., Juglans mandshurica, Betula platyphylla, Betula dahurica and Abies nephrolepis changed significantly. The spatial correlation between Quercus mongolica and Betula dahurica, Betula costata and Picea spp., Betula costata and Abies nephrolepis, Picea spp. and Abies nephrolepis declined, however, the spatial correlation between Larix spp. and Betula platyphylla, Acer mono and Ulmus spp. increased.

中国东北样带树种（属）的空间特性及变化
陈雄文 张新时 周广胜 陈锦正
（中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态开放研究室，北京100093）

摘要：对中国东北样带上 16个树种 (属 )在 1986年与 1994年景观水平的地理分布、出现频率、优势度及空间相关性等空间特性的分析得出 ,红松 (PinuskoraiensisSleb .etZucc .)与花曲柳 (FraxinusrhynchophyllaHemsl.)分别是向西和向东扩展最快 ;种群的分布边界形状与该边界的移动有密切关系 ;红松、山杨 (PopulusdavidianaDode .)、黄檗(PhellodendronamurenseRupr.)、胡桃楸 (JuglamsmandshuricaMaxim .)、水曲柳 (FraxinusmandshuricaRupr.)、黑桦 (Betu ladahuricaPall.)、云杉 (PiceakoraiensisNakai.)、臭松 (AbiesnephrolepisMaxim .)、落叶松 (Larixolgensisvar.koreanaNakai)的斑块减小 ,而蒙古栎 (QuercusmongolicaFisch .)、枫桦 (BetulacostataTrautv .)、色木 (AcermonMaxim .)、椴(Tiliaspp .)、榆 (Ulumsspp .)、白桦 (BetulaplatyphyllaSuk .)、花曲柳的斑块增大 ;山杨、白桦、花曲柳、黑桦的频度格局变化显著 ;山杨、椴、胡桃楸、白桦、黑桦、臭松的优势度格局变化显著 ;蒙古栎与黑桦、枫桦与云杉、枫桦与臭松、云杉与臭松的空间相关性减少 ,而落叶松与白桦、色木与榆的空间相关性增加。

关键词： 空间特性；树种（属）；中国东北样带；斑块；频度；优势度；空间相关性

Key words: spatial characteristic, tree species(genera), Northeast China Transect, patch, frequency, dominance, spatial correlation