Abstract:

he genetic relationships among 12 wild relatives and cultivar of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) as well as 1 perennial wild barley grass (H. brevisubulatum (Trin.) Link) from China were investigated by RAPD analysis. 36 out of 63 arbitrary primers produced 285 distinctive bands in total, 219 of which were polymorphic. Clearly resolved bands were treated as independent characters and scored for their presence or absence in a binary data matrix. Simple matching coefficients and Nei's similarity coefficients were calculated respectively. Dendrograms were generated by using the PHYLIP 3.5c software. The results revealed that the cultivated barley and their wild relatives from China were clustered into one group, among which, the two-rowed wild relatives of barley ( H. vulgare L. ssp. spontaneum (Koch) Hsü) and the six-rowed wild forms (H. vulgare L. ssp. agriocrithon (Aberg) Hsü) were respectively clustered into different subgroups. It was considered that wild relatives of barley from China were subspecies of H.vulgare. And it was proposed that the cultivated barley was originally evolved from the two-rowed wild barley. The retrogressive two-rowed wild barley and the bottle-shaped wild forms (H. vulgare L. ssp. agriocrithon var. lagunculiforme Bakht Hsü) were the intermediate types in the evolutionary route from the two-rowed wild barley to the six-rowed wild forms and eventually evolved to the cultivated barley.

中国近缘野生大麦的RAPD分析与进化途径探讨
陈新平 闫玲 丁毅*

（武汉大学生命科学学院武汉430072）

摘要：采用RAPD技术对 12份中国近缘野生大麦和栽培大麦 (Hordeumvulgare L .)、1份多年生短芒大麦草 (H .brevisubulatum (Trin .)Link)进行了分析。 6 3个随机引物中有 36个能产生 2 85个稳定的扩增产物 ,其中 2 19个产物具多态性。将每个扩增产物看作一个独立的性状 ,按其有无列出二元数据矩阵 ,计算单匹配系数 (M) ,Nei氏相似性系数 (S)。PHYLIP 3.5c软件包聚类分析的结果表明中国栽培大麦与近缘野生大麦聚为一类 ;近缘野生大麦中 ,野生二棱大麦 (H .vulgareL .ssp .spontaneum (Koch)Hs櫣)与短芒六棱野大麦 (H .vulgareL .ssp .agriocrithon (Aberg)Hs櫣)各聚为一亚类。认为中国近缘野生大麦属于栽培大麦种内的不同亚种 ;推测中国栽培大麦可能是由野生二棱大麦起始 ,经过了退化型野生二棱大麦、六棱瓶形野大麦 (H .vulgareL .ssp .agriocrithonvar.lagunculiforme BakhtHs櫣)等中间类型 ,进化到野生六棱大麦 ,最终进化到栽培大麦的。

关键词： 中国近缘野生大麦；RAPD；聚类分析；进化途径

Key words: wild relatives of barley from China, RAPD, cluster analysis, evolutionary route