Abstract:

The use of the RAPD technique was investigated on a set of 73 genotypes of 18 wild grape species native to China, and one interspecific hybrid, seven Vitis vinifera L. cultivars, one rootstock cultivar and one strain of V. riparia L. Genetic diversity among these grapes was investigated based on RAPD analysis. The screening of 280 decamer oligonucleotides allowed the selection of 20 primers used for the analysis. A total of 191 RAPD markers were produced from the 20 selected primers. Relationships among the 83 clones or accessions based on their genetic distances were clustered using unweighted pair-group method arithmetic average (UPGMA) analysis in a dendrogram. Twenty-two clusters which fortunately adapted to 22 grape species level were clearly resolved on the dendrogram. The 18 wild grape species native to China were grouped into ten subclusters. The largest distance was found between V. riparia L., V. vinifera L., interspecific hybrid ( V. vinifera L.× V. larbrusca L.) and the wild grapes native to China. Among the wild grapes native to China, the largest distance was found between V. hancockii Hance and the other wild species. V. qinlingensis P.C.He was the second. Large genetic variation occurred among the different flower-type clones in one species.

中国野生葡萄遗传多样性的RAPD分析
罗素兰1,2  贺普超2 郑学勤3  周 鹏3

（1. 海南大学农学院，海口570228；2. 西北农业大学园艺系，杨凌712100；
3.  热带作物生物技术国家重点实验室，海口571101）

摘要： 以起源于中国的 18个野生葡萄种 (73个株系 )、1个欧美杂交种、7个欧洲葡萄品种、1个砧木品种和河岸葡萄 (Vitisriparia L .)一个品系为试材 ,利用RAPD技术研究了中国野生葡萄的遗传多样性。从 2 80个随机引物中筛选出 2 0个多态性好的引物扩增供试材料 ,产生了 191条多态性带。应用UPGMA聚类方法 (类平均法 ) ,获得了 83份材料的遗传距离矩阵及聚类分析树系图 ,且聚为 2 2类 12组。河岸葡萄、欧洲葡萄 (V .vinifera L .)及欧美杂种与中国野葡萄亲缘关系较远。在中国野葡萄中 ,菱叶葡萄 (V .hancockii Hance)与其他种的亲缘关系最远 ,秦岭葡萄 (V .qinlingensis P .C .He)次之。并可将中国野葡萄资源的 18个种、变种和类型分为 10组。种内不同花型株系间的遗传变异较大。

关键词： 中国野葡萄；Vitis；遗传距离；RAPD

Key words: the wild grapes native to China, Vitis , genetic distance, RAPD