J Integr Plant Biol. ›› 2002, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (2): 212-223.

• Research Articles • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Population Distribution and Dynamics of Quercus liaotungensis, Fraxinus rhynchophylla and Acer mono in Dongling Mountain, Beijing

WU Xiao-Pu, ZHENG Yu and MA Ke-Ping   

Abstract:

The spatial distribution and population dynamics of Quercus liaotungensis Koidz., Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance and Acer mono Maxim. were studied in three warm temperate deciduous forests in Dongling Mountain, Beijing. Clumped distributions appeared in most seedlings (≤0.4 m), short saplings (0.4-1 m) and tall saplings (1-2 m). Random distributions appeared in adults of Q. liaotungensis in Plot 1, F. rhynchophylla in Plot 3. The LSD method was used to discern the differences of different aged population. The class distribution of Q. liaotungensis was nearly a reverse J shape for Plot 1 and Plot 3, suggesting that the population regenerates continuously. The age structures of F. rhynchophylla and A. mono in Plot 1 and the test results indicated that they would increase continuously. In Plot 2, the class distribution and the test results showed that all populations would not regenerate continuously.

北京东灵山地区辽东栎、大叶白蜡和五角枫种群分布格局与动态

吴晓莆  郑豫  马克平

(中国科学院植物研究所,北京,100093)

摘要:对北京东灵山地区三块样地中的辽东栎(Quercus liaotungensis)、大叶白蜡(Fraxinus rhynchophylla)和五角枫(Acer mono)种群的分布格局和种群动态进行了考察.调查三块样地中每个树种的全部个体,按高度将它们分为4个不同龄级,用相邻格子样方法进行取样.在研究分布格局时,计算了扩散系数C、扩散型指数Iδ与IACA指数和聚块指数m/m等各项指标,测定它们的分布格局,并通过计算拟合它们的分布类型.结果表明,不同地点各种群的幼苗(<0.4 m)、小幼树(0.41 m)和大幼树(12 m)绝大多数呈聚集分布,少量呈随机分布;成林辽东栎成熟个体(2 m)是一种界于均匀分布和随机分布之间的状态,幼林辽东栎成体和灌丛大叶白蜡属于随机分布,成林大叶白蜡和五角枫、灌丛辽东栎呈聚集分布.在研究种群动态时,分别作出每个种群的龄级结构图,再对同一样地不同种群以及同一种群不同龄级个体的数量差异进行最小显著差法(LSD)检验和比较,结果表明检验结果和龄级结构图显示出来的趋势是一致的,即成林辽东栎种群具有较稳定的结构,成林大叶白蜡和五角枫表现为增长型结构,幼林辽东栎、大叶白蜡和五角枫都表现为衰退型结构,灌丛辽东栎具有稳定型结构,灌丛大叶白蜡具有增长型结构.研究表明,作为优势种的辽东栎种群个体之间的竞争很激烈,在乔木层中占有明显优势;作为伴生种的大叶白蜡的幼苗对环境的适应能力很强,在较低位层中占有明显优势.

关键词 分布格局 种群结构 辽东栎

 

Key words: spatial distribution, population structure, Quercus liaotungensis

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