Abstract:

Root border cells, previously referred to as sloughed root cap cells, is a special cell population which separates in large numbers from the periphery of the root cap and accumulates in the root tip. Recent evidence reveals that border cells, whose development is regulated by endogenous and exogenous signals, are biologically viable in the majority of higher plant species. As soon as border cells detach from root cap periphery, their metabolic activity dramatically increases in accordance with a differential gene expression from that in root cap cells. Recently, PsUGT1 and RCPME1, relevant to the early and late stage of border cell development, respectively, have been cloned and functionally identified. Border cells can synthesize specially and export a diverse array of chemicals including anthocyanins, antibiotics, special enzymes and other substances, that either inhibit or promote the growth of other entities in rhizosphere such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes, and also antagonize some toxic chemicals around the root tip in soil such as aluminum toxicity. Therefore, there are multiple biological roles played by border cells during plant growth and development.

高等植物根边缘细胞的发育调控及其生物学功能

潘建伟  朱睦元^*  彭华正  王利琳

(浙江大学生命科学学院,杭州 310012)

摘要：植物根边缘细胞是从根冠表皮游离出来并聚集在根尖周围的一群特殊细胞,以前曾称为根冠脱落细胞.最近的证据表明,绝大多数物种边缘细胞具有生物学活性,其发育是受内外信号调控.边缘细胞一旦从根表皮游离后,其代谢活性大大上升、基因表达明显不同于根冠细胞.最近,与边缘细胞发育早期和晚期相关的两个基因PsUGT1和RCPME1分别被克隆和鉴定.边缘细胞能特异性地合成、分泌一系列的化学物质,包括花色素苷、抗生素、特异性酶类及其他化学物质能抑制或促进根际周围的细菌、真菌、病毒、线虫等的生长以及中和根际周围一些有毒化学物质如铝毒.因此,边缘细胞在植物生长发育过程中起着多种生物学功能.

关键词 边缘细胞 发育 功能 植物 胁迫

*通讯作者

Key words: border cells, development, function, plant, stress